DB Specific Record

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***SWAAG_ID***	457
Date Entered	14/02/2012
Updated on	17/02/2012
Recorded by	Mike Walton
Category	Tree Site Record
Record Type	Botanical HER
Site Access	Public Footpath
Record Date	12/02/2012
Location	Between Ivelet and Rampsholme
Civil Parish	Muker
Brit. National Grid	SD 928 979
Altitude	822ft
Geology	Glacial drift over Middle Limestone
Record Name	Relict hedgerows between Ivelet and Rampsholme.
Record Description	Relict hedgerows on the line of later drystone enclosure walls evidenced by fair numbers of ancient layered (laid) hedgerow trees. To date the majority of these ancient layered trees are ash, but occasional wych elm and bird cherry. Fair numbers of ancient hedgerow hawthorns are also present. Without exception,the late 18th/Early 19thC dry stone field walls abut the relict hedgerow trees shown on the photographs below. This evidence clearly indicates that the relict hedgerows predate the present day walled landscapes of Upper Swaledale. TCL Note! Andrew Fleming first noticed that the walled landscapes of Swaledale were preceded by a hedgerow landscape, however the evidence has only now beeen presented in photographic detail.
Dimensions	Widespread and scattered among walled pastures below the unfenced road from Gunnerside.
Geographical area	Upper Swaledale
Additional Notes	The purpose of this record is to provide a photo record of examples of these relict hedges as seen from the public footpaths which traverse these pastures.
Image 1 ID	2266 Click image to enlarge
Image 1 Description	Ash in wall above Shore Gill, Ivelet, SD9371793003.
Image 2 ID	2267 Click image to enlarge
Image 2 Description	Very large ash in wall near Ivelet Bridge, SD9327 9788.
Image 3 ID	2268 Click image to enlarge
Image 3 Description	Another view of ash in 2267.
Image 4 ID	2269 Click image to enlarge
Image 4 Description	Cut section through branch of a fallen ash by the River Swale, showing growth rings. Approx SD9323 9780.
Image 5 ID	2270 Click image to enlarge
Image 5 Description	Cut section with tape measure for scale. Diameter 344mm, ring count indicates this is about 176 years old, i.e the average growth rate was about 0.98mm per year.
Image 6 ID	2273 Click image to enlarge
Image 6 Description	Ancient short pollard wych elm at SD91950 97887, altitude 806ft.
Image 7 ID	2272 Click image to enlarge
Image 7 Description	Wych elm (as 2273) girth measurement (4.56m at 0.8m).
Image 8 ID	2274 Click image to enlarge
Image 8 Description	Cut section through a branch fallen from Wych Elm ( as 2273), showing growth rings.
Image 9 ID	2275 Click image to enlarge
Image 9 Description	Cut section with measuring tape for scale. Diameter 183mm, ring count indicates this branch was about 110 years old, i.e the average growth rate was about 0.83mm per year.
Image 10 ID	2276 Click image to enlarge
Image 10 Description	Dead pollarded wych elm at SD91993 97868, altitude 822ft. (Girth 3.65m at 1.0m)
Image 11 ID	2277 Click image to enlarge
Image 11 Description	Laid ash tree between the two previous elms
Image 12 ID	2278 Click image to enlarge
Image 12 Description	View showing the two previous wych elms and the ash tree together.
Image 13 ID	2279 Click image to enlarge
Image 13 Description	Laid ash tree in wall at SD92822 97908, altitude 906ft. Viewed from south. Estimated girth 4.5m.
Image 14 ID	2280 Click image to enlarge
Image 14 Description	Laid ash tree in wall at SD92822 97908, viewed from north.
Image 15 ID	2281 Click image to enlarge
Image 15 Description	Wych elm at SD93071 97921, altitude 848ft. Very stunted with dead wood and many bulbous growths. Otherwise appears to be healthy.